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Moscow

Moscow can be an overwhelming experience for visitors - there's just so much to see in this vast and vibrant city, from the truly sublime to the ever-so-slightly ridiculous. Moscow has been one of the world's ballet capitals for almost two centuries. It is home to the Bolshoi Ballet, founded in the late 18th century and based at the Bolshoi Theatre. It is called the "world capital of museums". It's no surprise, considering that there are over a hundred very different museums open in the city, and each is unique in its own way. That's why anyone paying a visit to the Russian capital will be able to find something to satisfy their interests and passions.



Travel to elegant and fascinating Moscow

Moscow is the capital of Russia. Moscow was founded by Prince Yuri Vladimirovich Dolgoruky in 1147 on the banks of the Moscow River. Its earliest fortifications were raised on the present-day site of the Kremlin. Located in Russia's forest belt, the city was afforded a limited degree of protection from marauders from the south. Its location adjacent several rivers also made it a good trade center.

The history of Moscow is connected with the history of Russia. In 1287 Moscow fell under the yoke of the Tatars. And it was the Moscow Prince Dmitry Donskoy who led the Russian troops to a decisive victory over the invaders in the battle of Kulikovo field in 1380. By the 15-th century Moscow turned into a wealthy city. It was under Ivan III that Moscow became the capital. At that time the Kremlin was rebuilt and the largest Kremlin Cathedrals were erected. During the Troubled Times Moscow was occupied by the Polish invaders, but they were routed by the popular levy headed by Minin and Pozharsky. In 1812 the Napoleonic army entered Moscow. The city was set ablaze. The army had to retreat. That was a poor substitute for the military triumph in Russia, so much desired by Napoleon. He was forced from the city and defeated by the Russian Army as foreign invaders before him had been.

 

Moscow Travel

Rating of Top Tourist Attractions in Moscow
  1. The Kremlin
  2. Red Square
  3. Golden Ring
  4. Tverskaya Street
  5. Grand Kremlin Palace (The Kremlin)
  6. Christ the Savior
  7. Novodevichiy Convent
  8. Moscow Subway
  9. The Bolshoi Theater
  10. Armoury Chamber (The Kremlin)
  11. St. Basil's Cathedral
  12. Tretyakov Gallery
  13. Fallen Monument Park
  14. May 9th Parade
  15. Kolomenskoye
  16. Alexander Garden
  17. Arbat Street
  18. Bulgakov's House-Museum
  19. Bunker-42 in Taganka
  20. Cathedral Square (The Kremlin)
  21. Central Museum of the Armed Forces
  22. Chekhov House-Museum
  23. Dmitrov
  24. Eliseevsky store
  25. Golden Ring Theatre
  26. Gorky Park
  27. Gulag Museum
  28. GUM
  29. Izmailovsky Park
  30. Kazan Cathedral
  31. Kolomna
  32. Kubinka
  33. Le Meridien Moscow Country Club
  34. Lubyanka Square
  35. Manezhnaya Square
  36. Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics exhibitions
  37. Monino
  38. Monument to Yuri Dolgoruky
  39. Moscow Children's Railway
  40. Moscow Circus
  41. Moscow in winter
  42. Moscow State University
  43. Moscow: Miracle City
  44. Moscow: the Kremlin in winter
  45. Museum of Cosmos
  46. Museum of the Great Patriotic War
  47. Museum of the Moscow Railway
  48. Muzeon Park of Arts
  49. Ostankino Tower
  50. Peter the Great Statue
  51. Pushkin square
  52. Rizhsky train station
  53. Russian State Library (Lenin State Library)
  54. Sophia Embankment
  55. Sparrow Hills
  56. Stalin's Bunker
  57. State Central Museum of Contemporary History of Russia (Museum of Revolution)
  58. State Historical Museum
  59. State Museum of Lev Tolstoy
  60. Teatralnaya Square
  61. The Diamond Fund (The Kremlin)
  62. The Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts
  63. Tsar Bell (The Kremlin)
  64. Tsar Cannon (The Kremlin)
  65. Tsaritsyno
  66. Tseleevo Golf and Polo Club
  67. Tsereteli Art Gallery
  68. VDNKh Park
  69. Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill
  70. White House
  71. Yury Gagarin Cosmonauts training center
  72. Zaryadye Park

Best time for trips to Moscow: May through September

The Bolsheviks moved the capital of Russia back to Moscow when German forces threatened Petrograd (previously St. Petersburg) in 1918. When the Germans left Russian land later that year, the capital remained in Moscow and has not been moved since.

During the Soviet era, a metro and many new construction projects were undertaken in Moscow as the city grew in population and importance. At the same time, many cultural sites, particularly churches, were destroyed. As a consequence, Moscow lost much of its architectural integrity and ancient charm. In an effort to recover this, the Russian government has engaged in a number of restoration projects in the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union. One of the most important has been the rebuilding of the Savior Cathedral, which was meant to mark the city's spiritual revival.

Nowadays Moscow is the largest city of Russia. It is a political, administrative, economic, educational and cultural centre of the country. There are many places of interest in Moscow. Moscow is an industrial centre with highly developed engineering, electric, light and chemical industries. It is the scientific centre, too. The Russian Academy of Sciences, the oldest university, many schools of higher education, colleges and scientific institutions are located here.

Moscow city has been one of the world's ballet capitals for almost two centuries. It is home to the Bolshoi Ballet, founded in the late 18th century and based at the Bolshoi Theatre. This is the city where Petipa's Don Quixote was first performed, also the site, in 1877, of the notorious first production of Reisinger's and Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake. The other major company is the Stanislavsky Ballet which is based at Moscow's second opera house. During the 20th century, under the Communists, ballet in Moscow was well supported by the state and it was here that the heroic Soviet style flourished. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, small independent companies, such as Moscow City Ballet and Moscow Classical Ballet, began to proliferate. Since 1969 the city has hosted an International Ballet Competition which takes place every four years.

 

The city is famous for its historical monuments, museums, art galleries and theatres. The Historical Museum, the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, the Tretyakov State Picture Gallery are world famous. It’s most notable structure is the Kremlin, a medieval fortress on the Moskva with Red Square along its eastern wall. The Lenin Mausoleum is nearby, and the Cathedral of St. Basil the Blessed is at the southern end of the square.

10 must-do things in Moscow

1. To visit the world-wide known Armory Chamber in the Kremlin. It is a treasure-house hosting ancient Russian state regalia, ceremonial vestments, church utensils, gold and silver relics.
2. To see the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. One of the most imposing and controversial buildings in Russia, the resurrected Cathedral of Christ the Saviour has had a short but turbulent history.
3. To visit the Sparrow Hills. It is the most popular observation point in Moscow. Located 80 meters above of opposite bank of Moscow-river it shows an excellent view on historical center. There is also very good natural park at the base of hills.
4. To buy souvenirs walking the Arbat Street. It once served as a main Moscow artery and is one of the oldest original streets in the Russian capital.
5. To walk in the beautiful Central Park of Culture and Rest named after famous writer Maxim Gorky.
6. To buy something in TsUM (Central Universal Department Store). It is one of the most fashionable and trendy places in the city, and the largest fashion department store in Eastern Europe. It carries more than 1000 brands of fashionable apparel, perfumery, and jewelry.
7. To visit the Old Moscow Circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard. It is one of the oldest circuses in Russia, named for Russia’s loved clown, Yury Nikulin.
8. To see Patriarshy Prudiy, just off the Garden Ring and not far from Mayakovsky Square and Tverskaya Street (the city's main drag). Anyone who's ever read Mikhail Bulgakov's Master and Margarita will want to walk there.
9. Admire a unique collection of Russian art which includes masterpieces which span a period of a thousand years in The State Tretyakov Gallery.
10. To see one of the visually most surprising buildings in the world - Saint Basil’s Cathedral. This amazing church was built 450 years ago next to the Moscow Kremlin.


 

Average temperature in Moscow

 

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Brief facts
Year of Foundation: 1147 AD
Population: 11 mln.
1980 Summer Olympics Host
UNESCO World Heritage Site
The Capital of the Russian Federation